Typhoid fever: A race against time
The critical unwellness typhoid results from the continued battle between the microorganism infectious agent enterics and therefore the immune cells of the body. a research cluster has currently uncovered however the typhoid fever infectious agent repeatedly manages to evade the host’s system. [1]
Association between floods and typhoid fever in Yongzhou, China: effects and vulnerable groups
Background: very little info concerning the results of floods on enteric fever is out there in previous studies. This study aimed to look at the relationships between floods and enteric fever and to spot the vulnerable teams in Yongzhou, China.
Methods: Weekly enteric fever knowledge, flood knowledge and earth science knowledge throughout the flood season (April to September) from 2005 to 2012 were collected for this study. A Poisson generalized linear model combined with a distributed lag non-linear model was conducted to quantify the lagged and additive effects of floods on enteric fever, considering the unsupportive effects of long-run trend, seasonality, and earth science variables. The model was conjointly wont to calculate risk ratios of floods for weekly enteric fever cases among varied subpopulations. [2]
Typhoid fever outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Case control and ecological study
During 2011 an outsized natural event of enteric fever affected associate calculable 1430 individuals in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of Congo. The natural event started in military camps within the town then again unfold to the overall population. This paper reports the results of associate ecological analysis and a case-control study undertaken to look at water and different potential transmission pathways. Attack rates were determined for health areas and risk ratios were calculable with relevance spacial exposures. some fifteen months when the natural event, demographic, environmental and exposure knowledge were collected for 320 cases and 640 controls residing within the worst affected areas, employing a structured interview form. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were calculable. Complete knowledge were accessible for 956 respondents. [3]
Typhoid fever with isolated left lateral rectus palsy.
A 17-year-old young lady conferred to Patan Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal, with high-grade fever and headache for 4 days and non-projectile vomiting for 1 day. She additionally had blurred vision with lightheadedness on and off. There was no abnormal physical finding. typhoid fever was suspected, and she was empirically started on azithromycin (20 mg/kg) for 7 days. She became symptom when two days and was followed up in seven days with vision defect since five days. [4]
TYPHOID FEVER: PATHOGENESIS, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
Typhoid fever may be a multisystem unhealthiness caused primarily by the typhoidal enterobacteria serovars that area unit endemic in bound regions of the globe. Despite the scope of labor done to date, very little is understood concerning the biology of this microorganism and also the quality of the unwellness in endemic areas, particularly those in Africa and Asia. The dissemination of multiple drug resistant strains makes the effective treatment exhausting to realize. The non-specific manifestation of {typhoid fever|typhoid|enteric fever|infectious unwellness} makes the disease a real diagnostic challenge and survivors could also be left with long run complications. [5]
Reference
[1] Typhoid fever: A race against time
Date: January 16, 2014, Source: Universität Basel (web link)
[2] Association between floods and typhoid fever in Yongzhou, China: effects and vulnerable groups
Liu Z, Lao J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Wang H, Jiang B. Association between floods and typhoid fever in Yongzhou, China: effects and vulnerable groups. Environmental Research. 2018 Aug 29. (web link)
[3] Typhoid fever outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Case control and ecological study
Brainard J, D’hondt R, Ali E, Van Den Bergh R, De Weggheleire A, Baudot Y, Patigny F, Maes P, Zachariah R, Hunter P. Typhoid fever outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Case control and ecological study. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2018 Aug 28. (web link)
[4] Typhoid fever with isolated left lateral rectus palsy.
Thapa A, Mittal N, Kayastha G, Basnyat B. Typhoid fever with isolated left lateral rectus palsy. BMJ case reports. 2018 Sep;2018. (web link)
[5] TYPHOID FEVER: PATHOGENESIS, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
AISHA M. ALAMRI1*
1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
(web link)